CATTELENA: Black Spinster In Tudor England

 

 

I admit that I was quite surprised to learn about the 16 Africans living in the small village of Almondsbury close to Bristol in England. How did they get there?  One of them was Cattelena who seems to be the best known of this group of Africans. She left possessions which secured her name through the inventory of them after she died in 1625. It's obvious that she wasn't poor in the go-hungry-sense of the word: 

"She is described as ‘Cattelena, a negra deceased of Almonsbury in the county of Gloucester, single woman & in the diocese of Bristol’. Her inventory includes cooking utensils, clothes, bedding, tablecloth, and a candlestick. However, Cattelena’s most prized possession was a cow."

As pet names were common for cows one may wonder why Cattelena's cow didn't have a name. After all, it must have been the source of sustenance for her, as it gave her milk and butter. Also she may have sold dairy products in the village. The worth of this cow has been made up to be: "Catellena’s cow was worth £3 10 shillings, £460.32 in today’s money. In 1625, the year Cattelena died, this would have also bought you 10 stones of wool, a quarter of wheat, and was the equivalent of 70 days of skilled labour." 

To be the owner of a cow may have been the way Cattelena survived as a citizen in a small village because, without making her "rich", it must have kept her free of grave money troubles. It seems that she was a well-to-do spinster who happened to be black, but that leads to a question: How did she - and the other 15-16 black citizens - end up in England????

Being a spinster wasn't that unusual, as c. 30% of the English adult female population is supposed to have been single. What was special about someone like Cattelena was that she, single as she was, lived in her own home, although she may not have been the owner, but rented it. Not more than 5% of single women below the age of 45 were head of their households which she seems to have been. 

By the way, the total of the possessions listed on Cattelena's inventory came to £6 9s 6d (: £851.59). As she presumably wasn't toiling as a servant, but simply lived off her cow she did quite well ....

 

https://schoolhistory.co.uk/early-modern/cattelena-of-almondsbury/ 

 

https://www.futurelearn.com/info/courses/black-tudors/0/steps/224781 

 

Wikipedia